Technol. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Coat. $$_3$$ All rights reservedDisclaimer | J Tribol 140(5): 051303 (2018), Li X, Li J H, Wang X H, Hu J X, Fang X, Chu X Y, Wei Z P, Shan J J, Ding X C. Preparation, applications of two-dimensional graphene-like molybdenum disulfide. Thin Solid Films 154, 309322 (1987), Lince, J.R., Fleischauer, P.D. Trans. Sci. The increased humidity led to a rise of friction coefficient, and more oxygen in the atmosphere resulted in a faster increase in the friction coefficient. 2, 827838 (1987), Blanco, ., Afanasiev, P., Berhault, G., Uzio, D., Loridant, S.: Resonance Raman spectroscopy as a probe of the crystallite size of MoS2 nanoparticles. 126, 1524 (2000), Prasad, S.V., McDevitt, N.T., Zabinski, J.S. As mentioned previously, MoS2 films gradually form a thin (~10nm) basally oriented layer at the sliding interface during the first few cycles of sliding [61, 62]. This may take some time to load. [6] MoS2 is relatively unreactive. Friction coefficient table for materials in fretting regime In fretting, friction coefficients are different for the same pairs of materials due to changes in friction mechanisms. Her research areas cover basic and application research of solid lubrication, wear-resistant, and protective film/coating materials. https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19970003296 (1995), Byskov, L.S., Nrskov, J.K., Clausen, B.S., Topse, H.: Edge termination of MoS2 and CoMoS catalyst particles. 13, 10221029 (1998), Su, Y.L., Kao, W.H. 104, 092106 (2014), Fusaro, R.L. In: Sadewasser, S., Glatzel, T. Technol. Local variation in the vacuum level across the field of view yielded the work function variation. 4, 17 (2020), Hao, G., et al. Phys. Res. Tribol Int 38(3): 249256 (2005), Kumar A, Thakre G D, Arya P K, Jain A K. 2D structured nano-sheets of octadecylamine grafted graphitic-carbon nitride (g-C3N4) as lubricant additives. Lastly, adsorbates are not thought to play an appreciable role in our results, as PEEM was performed in UHV and KPFM in lab air, and results from both are in good agreement. : Effect of water vapor on friction of molybdenum disulfide. Molecular dynamics study of the frictional properties of multilayer MoS2 Atomically thin two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2) is well known for its excellent lubrication characteristics and is usually used as a solid lubricant in diverse micro/nanoelectromechanical systems (MEMS/NEMS).The friction on atomically thin MoS 2 deposited on a SiO 2 /Si substrate is reduced almost five times to achieve an ultra-low friction state (coefficient of friction nearly 0. . Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their, "Anisotropic mean-square displacements (MSD) in single-crystals of 2H- and 3R-MoS, "Exploring atomic defects in molybdenum disulphide monolayers", "1T-MoS2, a new metallic modification of molybdenum disulfide", "2H/1T Phase Transition of Multilayer MoS 2 by Electrochemical Incorporation of S Vacancies", "Mechanical Properties of Molybdenum Disulfide and the Effect of Doping: An in Situ TEM Study", "Nanomechanical cleavage of molybdenum disulphide atomic layers", "Stretching and Breaking of Ultrathin MoS2", High Performance, Dry Powdered Graphite with sub-micron molybdenum disulfide, "Barrels retain accuracy longer with Diamond Line", "Physics Duo Finds Magic in Two Dimensions", "Building an appropriate active-site motif into a hydrogen-evolution catalyst with thiomolybdate [Mo, "Superior hydrogen catalyst just grows that way", "Robust wrinkled MoS 2 /N-C bifunctional electrocatalysts interfaced with single Fe atoms for wearable zinc-air batteries", "Electronics and optoelectronics of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides", "Ultrasensitive photodetectors based on monolayer MoS, "Ultrasensitive biosensor from molybdenite semiconductor outshines graphene", "Two-dimensional flexible nanoelectronics", "A microprocessor based on a two-dimensional semiconductor", "Memtransistors advance neuromorphic computing | NextBigFuture.com", "Control of valley polarization in monolayer MoS2 by optical helicity", "Intrinsic valley Hall transport in atomically thin MoS2", "Metal-based graphene alternative "shines" with promise", "Electric-field-induced superconductivity at 9.4 K in a layered transition metal disulphide MoS2", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Molybdenum_disulfide&oldid=1151416829, Pages using collapsible list with both background and text-align in titlestyle, Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 23 April 2023, at 22:47. [63], MoS2 also possesses mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, and can emit light, opening possible applications such as photodetectors. Surf. The MoS2 sample was mounted on a stainless-steel AFM puck and electrically grounded to the puck using silver paint. Y1 - 2008/12/1. : Wear behavior of PbMoS solid lubricating coatings. http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19790004987 (1978), Fusaro, R.L. The simulations show that lamellae tend to anchor themselves at random to neighboring lamellae because of the highly reactive exposed edges. These three strata form a monolayer of MoS2. This broadening due to the measurement resolution was corrected for post facto by shifting the edges of the spectra, similar to the procedure outlined in Yi et al. The work function for stochiometric lamellae (Mo21S42, Mo28S56 and Mo36S72) was found to increase with increasing lamella size from 4.79eV to 5.02eV. The present research was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (51375475), the state key project of fundamental research of China (2013CB632302)and Public Projects of Zhejiang Province (2016C31121). Surf. [56] MoS2-based memristors are mechanically flexible, optically transparent and can be produced at low cost. Indeed, like graphite, it is widely used as a solid lubricant because of its low friction properties and robustness. 7, 15641583 (1992), Ferrari, A.C., Robertson, J.: Interpretation of Raman spectra of disordered and amorphous carbon. Field of view is 50m across the diagonal direction of the images, ac Cross-sectional topographical line scans and df corresponding work function in eV from KPFM measurements of selected wear tracks shown in Fig. The origin of super-low friction coefficient of MoS2 coatings in [30][31] One example is a lithiated material, LixMoS2. This implies that work functions will increase with lamellar dimensions inside wear scars. 200, 10761079 (2005), Nossa, A., Cavaleiro, A., Carvalho, N.J.M., Kooi, B.J., De Hosson, JThM: On the microstructure of tungsten disulfide films alloyed with carbon and nitrogen. Tribol. The bulk layer calculations used 55 unit cells in the X and Y directions with at least 20 of vacuum space in the Z direction to avoid self-interaction. Sun, Y. Lu and Y. Peng, Friction has also been shown to decrease upon annealing in inert atmospheres [16, 30], and to be recoverable after cycling from humid to dry environments [20, 23, 31], indicating that physisorbed water is a leading cause of the increased shear strength. Results showed that the way of copper-coated on the surface of MoS2 could . Surf. Volume of Solids Calculators Ultra-low friction and patterning on atomically thin MoS Coat. Technol. Tribological testing was conducted on a custom built linear-reciprocating microtribometer [41,42,43]. PEEM measurements were conducted using a LEEM-III system (Elmitec Elektronenmikroskopie GmbH) coupled to a continuous-wave (CW), tunable wavelength light source based on a Xe lamp. Int. Visualization of slices through the simulation box corroborate these results and show that under shear, lamellae order and begin to form larger lamellar structures. Sliding friction tests of MoS2 using a pin on disc tester at low loads (0.12 N) give friction coefficient values of <0.1.[35][36]. [64] MoS2 has been investigated as a component of photoelectrochemical (e.g. Appl Surf Sci 253(9): 44154419 (2007), Yao S H, Kao W H, Su Y L, Liu T H. On the tribology and micro-drilling performance of TiN/AlN nanolayer coatings. However, because these oxide layers are physically-unstable, their use has currently not proven practical. Tribol Int 29(2): 123128 (1996), Berman D, Erdemir A, Sumant A V. Approaches for achieving superlubricity in two-dimensional materials. In situ Raman spectroscopy for examination of high temperature tribological processes. Adv Mater 26(42): 71627169 (2014), Hwang H, Kim H, Cho J. MoS2 nanoplates consisting of disordered graphene-like layers for high rate lithium battery anode materials. x : The effects of dopants on the chemistry and tribology of sputter-deposited MoS2 films. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has long been known as low friction material. Coat. He is a researcher and doctoral supervisor in the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North Minzu University. 38, 1123 (2003), Simmonds, M.C., Savan, A., Pfluger, E., Van Swygenhoven, H.: Mechanical and tribological performance of MoS2 co-sputtered composites. Coefficients of friction between materials are best determined through testing. The exchange correlation was treated with the PBE functional [48], and dispersion corrections were added using the DFT-D3 method from Grimme [49, 50] using Becke-Johnson damping. The ultra-low friction coefficient (typically 10- 2 range) of MoS 2 -based coatings is generally associated with friction-induced orientation of "easy-shear" planes of the lamellar structure parallel to the sliding direction, particularly in the absence of environmental reactive gases and with moderate normal loads. While individual lamellae are held rigid so that no chemical reactions can occur, the lamellae are able to physisorb and form larger lamellar structures; we refer to these inter-lamellar interactions as bonds and quantify them through the atomic separation between different lamellae. It is a silvery black solid that occurs as the mineral molybdenite, the principal ore for molybdenum. Lett. The work function was computed using. The lubricant is applied by burnishing and the excess is wiped from the bearing surface. J Solid State Chem 252: 4371 (2017), Chen Z Y, Yan H X, Liu T Y, Niu S. Nanosheets of MoS2 and reduced graphene oxide as hybrid fillers improved the mechanical and tribological properties of bismaleimide composites. Feedback Advertising Molecular dynamics simulations were used to study the effects of water and molecular oxygen on friction and bonding of MoS2 lamellae during initial sliding. Catal. Tribol. DFT was used to calculate changes in the work function of MoS2 as a function of lamellae size and layer thickness, and we compare these results to prior literature as well as our PEEM and KPFM results. Friction force develops between contacting surfaces of two bodies and acts to resist relative motion between the bodies. MoS2 finds use as a hydrogenation catalyst for organic synthesis. In macroscale contacts, edges of MoS2 lamellae at the surface are likely oxidized prior to testing, further enhancing interactions with water [15, 24, 38,39,40]. Mater. 73, 152159 (1995), Wahl, K.J., Dunn, D.N., Singer, I.L. Copyright 2000 - [24], In recent years, MoS2 has been utilized in flexible electronic applications, promoting more investigation into the elastic properties of this material. Friction Engineering The average coefficient of friction of the MoS2 coatings in steady-state friction did not exceed 0.051 for all samples. Int. Tribol Int 132: 221227 (2019), Hu S, Chen W, Zhou J, Yin F, Uchaker E, Zhang Q F, Cao G Z. The calculation was not spin polarized. 331, 6671 (2015), Kosarieh, S., Morina, A., Flemming, J., Lain, E., Neville, A.: Wear mechanisms of hydrogenated DLC in oils containing MoDTC. Microindentation experiments on nanopillars of Cr-doped MoS2 found that the yield strength increased from an average of 821 MPa for pure MoS2 (at 0% Cr) to 1017 MPa at 50% Cr. Extensive work has been performed to characterize the coefficient of friction and shear strength of MoS2 in various atmospheres. Technol. Khare and Burris recently showed that below a temperature threshold of 100C, higher friction in the presence of water vapor is likely associated either with the physisorption of environmental water or effusion from the bulk [16]. Appl. To excite valley Hall effect in specific valleys, circularly polarized lights were used for breaking the T symmetry in atomically thin transition-metal dichalcogenides. Rep. 6, 29726 (2016), Fleischauer, P.D. [38], Other layered inorganic materials that exhibit lubricating properties (collectively known as solid lubricants (or dry lubricants)) includes graphite, which requires volatile additives and hexagonal boron nitride. Tribol. However, it can not be employed for a uniform 1-D layers because of weaker adhesion of MoS2 to the substrate (either Si, glass or quartz). The nanopatterning of ultra-low friction could promote and expand engineering applications of MoS2 as lubricants in various MEMS/NEMS with nano-scale components. DOI: 10.1039/D1NR04252A. [60], MoS2 has been used to create 2D 2-terminal memristors and 3-terminal memtransistors. The temperature-dependent friction behavior characteristic of self-mated PTFE was found also on the PTFE-on-MoS2 sliding contact, suggesting that PTFE friction was defined by sub-surface deformation mechanisms and internal friction even when sliding against a lamellar lubricant with extremely low friction coefficient ( ~ 0.02). Introduction Technological utilization of molybdenum disulfide, MoS2, encompasses tribological applications where low coefficient of friction (COF) is needed for which MoS 2 is used either in the form of thin films or lubricant additives as 2-D platelets [1], [2], [3], [4]. V. Yu. Peiling Ke or Aiying Wang. Coatings | Free Full-Text | Estimation of MoS2 Coating - MDPI Chem. J. Comput. The characterized results of the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) show the morphology and interior crystal phase structure of CN/MoS2. Representative top-down cross-section view of simulation showing MoS2 lamellae interactions for a defect-free lamellae, b defective lamellae, c defective lamellae with oxygen and d defective lamellae with water. College of Mechanical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China, b J. Google Scholar, Erdemir A. permission is not required) please go to the Copyright In the MoS 2 layered structure a sheet of molybdenum atoms is sandwiched between two hexagonally packed sulfur layers. According to Fig. To understand friction and wear mechanism, multiple analytical tools such as SEM, EDS, Raman, XPS and TEM were applied to investigate the composition and structure. Tribol. T1 - Friction coefficients and wear rates of MoS2/Cu, BN/Cu composites. Unfortunately, these techniques tend to be labor-intensive and not well-suited for analysis of edge defects amongst multiple lamellae or the rough surfaces typical of those created during macroscale sliding contact. Dig J Nanomater Biostruct 13(3): 731741 (2018), Duan C J, Yuan D M, Yang Z H, Li S, Tao L M, Wang Q H, Wang T M. High wear-resistant performance of thermosetting polyimide reinforced by graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) under high temperature. Phys. 96, 116 (2010), Ochedowski, O., et al. Engineering Standards The sensitivity of a graphene field-effect transistor (FET) biosensor is fundamentally restricted by the zero band gap of graphene, which results in increased leakage and reduced sensitivity. 32, 4957 (2008), Tagawa, M., et al. These systems were equilibrated for 100ps before atmospheric molecules were removed and the upper MoS2 layers replaced for further shear. Friction Coefficient Tables in Air and Vacuum - About Tribology Crystalline MoS2 exists in one of two phases, 2H-MoS2 and 3R-MoS2, where the "H" and the "R" indicate hexagonal and rhombohedral symmetry, respectively. Nat. Coat. A few methods include lithium intercalation[18] to delaminate the layers and sonication in a high-surface tension solvent. 1a) enables the lamellae to freely assemble themselves, in this case into larger ordered lamellae that exhibit low friction, similar to what is observed experimentally after a film is run-in [61, 62]. Sci. During tribological tests, the coating with the least MoS2 content exhibited the lowest friction coefficient and wear rate, while coating with the most MoS2 showed the worst performance. 2D transition metal dichalcogenides. Friction and wear experiments were carried out under 4 N and 10 N loads respectively, and the effects of copper-coated MoS2 on the friction performances of the materials were studied. Lett. Friction 7(3): 199216 (2019). Lett. 14, 46284633 (2014), Gao, J., et al. please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page. Sliding friction tests of MoS2 using a pin on disc tester at low loads (0.12 N) give friction coefficient values of <0.1. Surf. Technol. Friction coefficients and wear rates of MoS2/Cu, BN/Cu composites Temperature-Dependent Friction and Wear Behavior of PTFE and MoS2 : Surface and subsurface contributions of oxidation and moisture to room temperature friction of molybdenum disulfide. This again indicates passivation from environmental species. Thin Solid Films 214, 156163 (1992), Polcar, T., Cavaleiro, A.: Review on self-lubricant transition metal dichalcogenide nanocomposite coatings alloyed with carbon. 2 Maps of the relative work function were determined by recording the photoelectron intensity as a function of the electron kinetic energy using monochromatic light illumination (185nm wavelength, 6.70eV) [56]. : Water adsorption on molybdenum disulfide containing surface contaminants. The solid lubricant MoS2 demonstrates excellent lubricating properties, but it spontaneously oxidizes and absorbs moisture in air, and thus results in poor wear resistance and short wear-life. Tribo-modification of the MoS2 coating, however, caused a higher coefficient of friction (0.16) and the most intensive wear of the counterbody. Nat Rev Mater 2(8): 17033 (2017), Wu L F, Zhang Z Z, Yang M M, Yuan J Y, Li P L, Huo F, Men X H. One-step synthesis of g-C3N4 nanosheets to improve tribological properties of phenolic coating. and diagrams provided correct acknowledgement is given. Appl Surf Sci 345: 349354 (2015), Yi M R, Zhang C H. The synthesis of MoS2 particles with different morphologies for tribological applications. The ultra-low friction state of atomically thin MoS2 could attribute to the electronic tight-binding between MoS2 and the SiO2/Si substrate, which suppresses the atomic-scale deformation and limits the local pinning capability of MoS2. The combination of PEEM and KPFM enabled a quantitative approach to characterize structural differences in the first few monolayers of macroscale wear tracks through measurements of work function at the surface. The vacuum energy is computed from a 1D averaged electrostatic potential based on the 3D potential output from VASP using the postprocessing utility from Walsh and Catlow [53]. He is currently studying the lubrication mechanism of 2D nanomaterials in the wear and surface engineering research group at Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (LICP-CAS), China. Hongxuan LI. Nanoscale 10(42): 1997919986 (2018), Meng F M, Cui Z T, Cheng Z T, Han H L. Experimental study on tribological properties of graphite-MoS2 coating on GCr15. Please enable JavaScript 10, 20912101 (1995), Hilton, M.R., Jayaram, G., Marks, L.D. 108, 131601 (2016), Lince, J.R., Loewenthal, S.H., Clark, C.S. MoS2 with particle sizes in the range of 1100 m is a common dry lubricant. Material, Physical and Chemical Sciences Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA, John F. Curry,Taisuke Ohta,Frank W. DelRio,Philip Mantos,Morgan R. Jones,Tomas F. Babuska,N. Scott Bobbitt,Nicolas Argibay,Michael T. Dugger&Michael Chandross, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA, You can also search for this author in DOI: 10.1039/D0RA00995D. Lett. PubMedGoogle Scholar. Chem. His research directions primarily include clean energy (photocatalytic water splitting to H2), environmental chemical industry, and cultural heritage protection. Technol. Bearing Apps, Specs & Data Mater. For this cantilever, k was taken to be the nominal value and t was taken to be 4.88eV from earlier work [55]. Friction and Wear Mechanism of MoS2/C Composite Coatings Under Atmospheric Environment. 59, 889892 (1955), Haltner, A.J., Oliver, C.S. Engineering Calculators Technol. Technol. Enhanced lithium storage performances of hierarchical hollow MoS2 nanoparticles assembled from nanosheets. 82, 4856 (1996). The PEEM/KPFM operation was, in part, supported by Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies user program, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science (DE-AC04-94AL85000). : Space environmental effects on MoS2 and diamond-like carbon lubricating films: atomic oxygen-induced erosion and its effect on tribological properties. Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for High Performance Fiber Composites, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China Tribol. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips, Not logged in Res. The results showed irreversible deformation of MoS2 was caused by heavy load or high shear velocity during the friction process and the interlayer velocity changed from a linear to a ladder-like distribution; thus, the number of shear surfaces and the friction coefficient decreased. In 2006, she obtained her Ph.D. degree from LICP-CAS. Like graphite, MoS 2 has a low friction coefficient, but, unlike graphite, it does not rely on adsorbed vapors or moisture.